Cold Vs. Culture

 (a) heat, (b) high levels of solar radiation, (c) cold, or (d) high altitude.  Discuss specifically how this environmental stress negatively impacts the survival of humans by disturbing homeostasis

 The cold affects us humans by sicknesses. The freezing cold can cause sickness including colds, hypothermia, influenza, pneumonia to just name a few. The cold affects certain body parts then the others, including nose, hands, feet, and ears. The cold can sometimes effect humans in different countries as by snow, rain causing humans not to go to work, or also destroying farmers crop lands.  Some of these sickness can even lead up to even death.

Identify 4 ways in which humans have adapted to this stress, choosing one specific adaptation from each of the different types of adaptations listed above (short term, facultative, developmental and cultural).  Include images of the adaptation

Short Term

Us as humans have to deal with he cold as a part of life in general. We don't have t deal with the cold all the time 24/7 though. We can use things in our home to keep ourselves from getting cold. We just don't have to use blankets or other humans to keep us warm. We can use heaters now to keep human from getting cold in the cold times.

 

Facultative

 People have the choice if they want to live in an area that's either cold or hot. Me personally I don't like to live in an area that is cold. I don't adapt to well to the cold. I prefer to live where the sun is out and shining giving the day a bright sunny afternoon. If a person isn't a cold weather person living in the east wouldn't be a great idea.

 

Developmental

Certain people who live in the cold, adapt really well to the cold rather then people who aren't always around the cold. In the colder areas people seem to be more white and are easily immune to the cold. Also humans that have higher body mass are less likely to be cold in a low temperature setting then to those that have very few body mass.

 

 

Cultural

In some cultural the cold climate may prevent some people to eat certain foods. Due to that some foods can get imported but prices may raise up. Some of humans traditions may be affected due to the cold preventing them to do all what there traditions are needed to do outside.

 

What are the benefits of studying human variation from this perspective across environmental clines?  Can information from explorations like this be useful to help us in any way?  Offer one example of how this information can be used in a productive way?

By studying this stuff it makes me see and realize how certain cultures can lose there cultural in some ways in different type of climates. It also helps see how different cultures adapt differently to climate change. Information from exploration can be useful to us if maybe one day we inhabit an area that is in a cold climate. 

 How would you use race to understand the variation of the adaptations you listed in #2?  Explain why the study of environmental influences on adaptations is a better way to understand human variation than by the use of race.

People from Latin America would have a harder time adapting because they are use to warmer climate then the northern east could would. Another understanding is that people with darker skin pigment were at a disadvantage of Vitamin D, which helps with bone growth and regulates neuromuscular functions.

 



Body Signals

 This experiment was a difficult one to go through. I 'am more of a talkative person. To go through this experiment was pretty difficult, having to go from not talking to signaling each other trying to understanding what our needs and mostly our communication. As a human being growing up as a child speaking comes first before typing words and writing. My partners impression on this assignment was, he found his ways and paths to communicate back to me. He also found it hard for me to realize what we were trying to communicate with each other.  He did have to change his way of communication by using different colors around him and using anything item around to show what he was thinking. My partner thinks he would be the one with the complex ideas if meeting for the first time from different cultures. If I was to be speaking culture and my partner was a symbolic culture I would be very frustrated and maybe a little mad. I would wish I was able to understand his symbolic language. Humans who speak and for those who don't speak are both effected by not being able to fully understand what we are both trying to say. We may not know what the other person is saying and he can really try hard to communicate but still not understand that eventually either one or both person get frustrated and give up.
 The second part of the assignment was a little easier but was still difficult as well. We could not fully do the assignment with just speech communication. The difficult part about this assignment was not being able to use hand gesture and try not to use any head movements. This form of communication affected himself by not being able to get any form of attitude of expression given. Being able to understand body language can be very beneficial by being able to approach someone. By being able to know by the way someone shows there emotions through there body. The time when you can benefit from not being able to read body language would be when you are blind. Being blind its quite difficult to understand and visualize body language but can more clearly understand through the way people speak.

Piltdown Hoax

  The Piltdown hoax is a well know hoax created in the 1900's. The hoax started out in 1908 when a former amateur from Sussex, England had collected what seems to be a jawbone of a human, The amateur confronted Charles Dawson and collected the piece of skull. Mr. Dawson soon took the founding of the skull and took them to Arthur Smith Woodward 4 years later. Soon they began to work together where the piece of jawbone was found. They soon found more pieces of the lower part jaw in the same location thinking they were more pieces connected to the fossil found earlier. In 1913 David Waterson concluded that the fossils were from a Orangutan and a human skull with filled down teeth. In 1953 it was discovered to be known that the jawbone was a hoax. The bones were tested so many times, to get an understanding of the jawbone. The studies show that the jawbone appeared to be stained to look alot older then it was suppose to be. The teeth were filed down to look how Dawson and Woodward wanted to look like. The teeth were from an old ape filed down to its shape making it believable. 

  Through the process of the findings of Mr. Dawson and Mr. Woodward, he well wanted to be known as the person who found a fossil resembling of a human and monkey. In order to get known they had to do something that wasn't possible that they didn't have. So they came up with the theory to make up and work together to make a creation that couldn't be found. 

  A few aspects that were shown were that the teeth had been stained. This was done in an effort to make the teeth appear aged. Also the finding that parts of a human and orangutan were combined to try and pass off as being that of a fake fossil. It was also discovered that the teeth had been tampered with. The teeth showed signs of being filed down. I feel that the Archaeologist wanted to be well known therefore, went to great lengths to fool many for 40 years. 

  As much as technology has moved forward, I still feel that humans play an important role in research. While there may be some Archaeologist who like Charles and Arthur, there are still many honest Archaeologist out there. These Archaeologist understand and have a passion to discover the truth of our origins.  

  The life lesson here would be to be more diligent and do as much research as possible. I would also ask as many questions from as many sources as i possibly could. By doing so you reduce the risk of being deceived. 

Monkeys

Lemurs: 

• Lemurs are mainly found in Madagascar. Lemurs are most likely to be on the upper part of the forest trees, further away from the ground. Some Likely would be located in the middle area on the trees as well. There are some lemurs that do walk around on the ground.

• Healthy lemurs don't just mate with one lemur or mate, they go out and mate with a few different lemurs in a few hours of the night.

• The way a lemurs mating or sociality gets adapted to their own environment by getting to choose who they wanna mate with and not just one to choose but a few of them to mate with.

 Spider Monkeys:

• Spider Monkeys are commonly found in Central and South America all the way through to towards North of Mexico in the tropical forests.

• Studies show that in Spider Monkeys, the female choose who they wanna mate with. The way they know that they are ready to mate is by sniffing each other and then proceed to mating. This is called anogenital sniffing.

• Spider Monkeys sniffing around knowing if another male mate is ready to produce more. Knowing more by sniffing each other they continue and start to mate.

Baboon:

• Baboons are located in the Savanna deserts and other Semi-arid habits, some also in tropical forests. ( Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, Yemen)

• The Baboon monkeys are a little more different or the male try to take control. The more dominant male is first to mate with females that are ready to mate. Although this is how these male monkeys are the female still gets to choose who they mate with, choosing more of males who are their to take more care of their offspring.

• Baboons choose more than just a mate to reproduce with but also a male mate who will be their to take care of their offspring. Knowing what type of male they mate with makes them in control of what kind of monkey will be their for the offspring.

Gibbon:

•  Gibbons are located in Southeast Asia. These type of animals are arboreal, so they spend most of their time in trees away from where predators can reach them.

• Most Gibbons when mating they usually stay together for life. When producing they send off their young one to mate and start off their own family.

• Gibbons are most different then most monkeys. These monkeys are more likely to mate but stay with their mate for life, and wanna keep producing more by sending off their young ones to mate and have their own life with their new mate.

Chimpanzee: 

• Chimpanzees are located West and Central Africa, and also Bonobo, Pan Paniscus Forests of the Democratic Republic of the congo.

• Chimpanzees show a sign of showing that they are ready to mate with their male chimpanzee. Their anogenital starts to swell up letting male chimpanzees that she is ready to mate.

• Female chimpanzees don't stay around with the same group. They migrate to a new surrounding and try to find a new mate.

Summarizing:

 All these monkey types have their way of showing that they wanna mate. Some sniff each other, others start to swell up, and others choose who they wanna mate with. The female monkeys seem to have more dominant power when to mate with their males. A lot of these monkeys have many different physical of showing that they wanna mate.

Homologous

The different species that posses the Homologous traits in the picture are a humans arm, a cats arm, a whales fin and a bats wing. The structures are all different but share quite a few things. These four pictures show different areas of joints and limbs that all they all share in the structure. The different shadings of colors is where they all bend in the same spot in each of the species. Even though animals and humans don't have the same amount of limbs,  bones, or joints they all have the same locations of each one. These all animals and human shown in the picture surely ancestor by evolving from another animal many years ago.

Analogous

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Unlike a snail and a turtle these structures are know as a Analogous. The two structures both are different, one has a body full skin and the other is full of bones. That is why this is Analogous, the two animals are alike by being completely slow animals and having a hard shell to protect them from whatever comes there way, but the snail has no bones whatsoever and a turtle does have bones shown in the structure. Although it may seem that these two animals could have ancestor together because of there hard shell , they do not ancestor. They are evolved separately. 

MY STRAND

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